Scaling of Domestic Water Systems: Causes and Prevention
Natural waters contain varying amounts of calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate and carbonate ions, which react to form limescale on heating.
This causes problems in domestic hot water and heating systems, such as reduced efficiency, reduced flow and blockages of components and boiler noise.
Various methods to reduce or eliminate these problems are the use of water softeners, polyphosphate dosing devices, physical water treatment devices and scale inhibitors.
Services: Domestic plummbing failures